Simple Present Tense | Pengertian, Rumus dan Contoh Simple Present Tense
Pengertian Simple Present Tense
Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk waktu atau tense yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang terjadi saat ini (present) pada suatu spesifik waktu. Karena terjadi pada waktu sekarang, maka pasti menggunakan kata kerja pertama (verb 1) dalam susunan kalimatnya.
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| Simple Present Tense | Pengertian, Rumus dan Contoh Simple Present Tense |
Rumus dan Contoh Simple Present Tense (Kalimat Verbal)
(+) S + V - 1 (s/es) + O + keterangan waktu.
(-) S + do/does + not + V - 1 + O + keterangan waktu. (?)
(?) Do/does + S + V - 1 + O + keterangan waktu?
Jawaban:
Yes, S + do/does
No, S + do/does + not
Keterangan Penggunaan V-1 dan V-1 (s/es)
V-1 digunakan untuk subyek I, you, we, they
V-1 (s/es) digunakan untuk subyek he, she, it
Penggunaan do dan does
Do digunakan untuk subyek I, you, we, they
Does digunakan untuk subyek he, she, it
Contoh :
(+) You study English at SMP 1 everyday.
(-) You don't study English at SMP 1 everyday. (?)
(?) Do you study English at SMP 1 everyday?
Yes, I do
No, I do not
(+) Syahrini studies English at SMP 1 everyday.
(-) Syahrini does not study English at SMP 1 everyday. (?)
(?) Does Syahrini study English at SMP 1 everyday?
Yes, She does
No, She does not
Penjelasan
1. Kalau subjek kalimat orang ketiga tunggal (the third person singular-she/he/it), kata kerja harus ditambah dengan "s" atau "es" dalam kalimat positif (positive statement).
Contoh:
Mary usually goes swimming on Saturday morning.
Mother always serves our breakfast before we go to school.
My brother likes playing tennis on Sunday morning.
2. Akhiran "s" pada kata kerja
Pada umumnya kata kerja ditambah dengan akhiran "s" jika subjeknya orang ketiga tunggal (the third person singular - he/she/it).
Contoh:
I work five days a week.
We play tennis every Sunday
The boys play in the garden
She works five days a week.
Father takes a train to go to office.
A mouse eats my food every morning
3. Akhiran "es" digunakan pada kata kerja yang huruf akhirnya "s, ch, sh, x, o", jika subjeknya orang ketiga tunggal. Sedangkan kata kerja yang huruf akhimya "y" dan didahului huruf mati, y ditukar dulu dengan "i" kemudian ditambah "es"
Contoh:
I pass the house.
You watch television. We wash our clocthes. They go to office.
I study English
He passes the house. John goes to office.
She washes her clothes. She watches television. He studies English
4. Kalimat menyangkal (negative)
Kalimat menyangkal (negative) dibentuk dengan menempatkan "do not/don't atau does not/doesn't" sesudah subjek kalimat. "Doesn't" digunakan untuk orang ketiga tunggal (he doesn't, she doesn't, it doesn't), sedangkan "don't" digunakan untuk selain orang ketiga tunggal (I don't, you don't, we don't, they don't).
Contoh:
You don't go swimming on Monday. We don't work on Saturday.
I don't work at the aircraft factory.
He doesn't work on Saturday.
My brother doesn't play football every day. John doesn't work at the aircraft company
5. Kalimat tanya (interrogative)
Kalimat tanya (interrogative) dibentuk dengan menempatkan kata Bantu "do atau does"di depan kalimat. "Does" digunakan untuk orang ketiga tunggal (he, she, it), sedangkan "do" digunakan untuk selain orang ketiga tunggal (I, you, we, they). "Do/does" dalam kalimat tanya artinya"apakah" dan kata kerjanya tidak lagi menggunakan akhiran "s/es" walaupun subjek kalimatnya orang ketiga tunggal
Contoh:
Do you always go to office by train? Do they go swimming every Sunday? Do the boys like this film?
Does your brother work for bank Mandiri ?
Does he go swimming every Sunday?
Does the boy like this film?
6. Kesesuaian subject dan auxiliary verb di tenses ini adalah sebagai berikut:
DO digunakan oleh subject I, you, we, dan they.
DOES digunakan oleh subject she, he, dan it.
Penggunaan Simple Present Tense
1. Simple Present digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu peristiwa, kejadian, kegiatan yang terjadi berulang-ulang, atau merupakan suatu kebiasaan (habit).
Contoh:
I leave for office at 6 every morning. My father works five days a week.
Father always drinks tea in the afternoon.
2. Simple Present juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu fakta (fact) atau suatu yang merupakan kebenaran umum (general truth).
Contoh:
The River Nile flows into Mediterranean. Jet engines make a lot of noise. Vegetarians don't eat meat and fish.
3. Simple Present juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang akan terjadi di waktu yang akan datang, jika kita membicarakan suatu Jadwal, program, dan lain-lain.
Contoh:
The second train leaves at 10 a.m.
The football match starts at 4 p.m tomorrow.
The second film begins at 7 p.m.
Keterangan Waktu (Adverb of time) Simple Present Tense
1. Adverb of frequency
Always : selalu
Usually : biasanya
Generally : umumnya
ever (?) : pernah
Sometimes : kadang-kadang
occasionally: kadarag-kaclang
never : tidak pernah
Seldom: jarang
2. Adverb of quantity
once … : sekali ...
once a day : sekali dalam sehari
once a week : sekali dalam seminggu
twice … : dua kali ...
three times … : tiga kali dalam ...
every … : setiap ...
Contoh Latihan Soal
A. Make the sentences using the phrases below
a) eat breakfast
b) go to class
c) put on my clothes
d) drink a cup of coffee/tea e) shave
e) put on my make-up g) take a shower/bath h) get up
i) pick up my books
j) walk to the bathroom
k) watch TV
l) look in the mirror
m) turn off the alarm clock
n) go to die kitchen/the cafeteria
o) brush/comb my hair
p) say good-bye to my roommate, wife/husband
q) brush my teeth
r) do exercises
s) wash my face
t) stretch, yawn, and rub my eyes
B. Put the following sentences into simple present. Use the words in parentheses!
1. My sister still … (make) some mistakes in pronunciation.
2. Hendry always … (do) his weekly report on Monday afternoon.
3. Mr. David's secretary always … (type) a lot of letters in the office.
4. Some of us … (work) overtime on Saturday.
5. He … (come) early because he … (want) to see you.
6. They always … (report) to their superior once a week.
7. Our receptionist always … (serve) the customers patiently.
8. His assistant never … (forget) to record the daily transactions.
9. One of them often … (pass) my house in the morning.
10. We …… (go) to the seaside every Saturday.
C. Change the following sentences into negative!
1. The man comes here just to take this letter.
2. One of my brothers works for Bank of America in Jakarta.
3. He makes his weekly report regularly.
4. My manager always spends a lot of money on books every month.
5. The cashier goes to the bank to cash the cheque.
D. Change the following sentences into interrogative!
1. The man withdraws some money from his account once a week.
2. One of the men wants to see our manager this afternoon.
3. Some of them always finish their work on time.
4. My friend teaches English twice a week.
5. We always start work at 8 o'clock every morning.
E. Now use this information to complete the questions that John asks Jennie.
1. What do you do?
2. Where.............................................................................................?
3. What time.......................................................................................?
4. What time.......................................................................................?
5. How................................................................................................?
6. How................................................................................................?
7. How many......................................................................................?
8. How often......................................................................................?
9. When..............................................................................................?
10. What ............................................................................at 7 o'clock?
11. How..................................................................when you go home?
F. Write the missing verbs in the sentences below. Choose from the following:
cry dence drink drive laugh listen put read
run sing sleep study swim want write
1. Alice and Max are learning to ………dance the tango.
2. We usually ……………football songs on the bus.
3. I feel tired today because 1 didn't. ……….. last night.
4. He doesn't go to the beach because he can't………….very well.
5. I always…………. to the news on the radio in the morning.
6. Are we going to ………………..to the airport or go by bus?
7. It's a really sad film. It made me ……… .
8. I think I'll ………. some letters tonight.
9. Jim Carrey is so funny. He always makes me….. .
10. Don't ………… all the orange juice now. Leave some for breakfast.
11. I always…………. the newspaper before I go to work.
12. The bus is at the stop now. If we……….. , we'll catch it.
13. She's not hungry. She doesn't ………. any cake.
14. I'd like to…………medicine at college.
15. Shall I …………… the milk in the fridge?
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